IELTS Academic Writing Task 1 - Maps and Plans
instead of a graph or chart showing numerical data, you could be given two or three maps or plans showing changes to an area or floor of a building. In this case, you should write at least 150 words describing the changes.
Strategy
If you follow the structure below, you should be able to write an essay on maps or plans fairly easily.
Step 1: Understand the Maps or Plans
Before you begin writing, you should spend a minute or two looking at the maps or plans to understand the changes. In particular, you should notice:
- When are the maps or plans dated? Have the changes happened yet, or are they expected in the future?
- Is there a compass?
- Is there a scale?
- What items are marked on the maps/plans?
- Are there any items that appear on both (or all three of the) maps or plans?
Step 2: Write the Introduction
As with other IELTS academic task 1 writing questions, the introduction can be made up of:
- paraphrasing the description of the maps or plans;
- an overall trend.
Paraphrasing
You need to sum up what the maps or plans show in your opening sentence. This can be done by paraphrasing the description provided, for example:
The maps below show developments along Main Road in the village of Woodby.
We need to take the ideas in this sentence and put it into our own words:
The two maps provided compare the layout of buildings and amenities in a village before and after some development in the area.
Overall Trend
For maps and plans, the overall trend can describe how much change there has been. This might involve noting what has stayed the same.
For example, for the maps below, we could say:
With the exception of some housing, all of the buildings and facilities have changed use.
Or:
While the road layout has remained the same, the use of the land has changed.
The maps below show developments along Main Road in the village of Woodby.
Step 3: Write the Body
In the body paragraph, you need to describe the changes to the maps or plans. You do not need to describe anything that has stayed the same in this paragraph.
Location, Location, Location
In order to describe the changes, you need to refer to the objects in the maps or plans so that there is no confusion with other items. As there are two “Housing” areas in the first map, I need to make it clear which I am talking about.
As there is no compass on this map, I can’t refer to the housing as in the north-east and south-west. Instead I can refer to them as in the top-right and bottom-left of the map.
While referring to these items, you can paraphrase them if it makes sense to do so. One thing you shouldn’t do however, is copy the word into your essay with a capital letter (unless they appear at the beginning of a sentence or contain a name e.g. Johnson’s farm).
Describing the Changes
To score well on this task, you need to use accurate vocabulary for the changes which you see. Verbs like construct, demolish, extend, convert and combine are all good examples.
Of course, we don’t know who exactly is responsible for the changes. For this reason, we use the passive voice when writing about these changes.
Step 4: Write the Conclusion
In the conclusion for this essay, we can answer the question “what is the nature of the changes?” What we are doing here is looking for a common theme between the changes.
For example, if the map shows an area that had a lot of factories and warehouses which have been replaced by flats and houses, we can say that it has changed from an industrial area to a residential area. Other useful labels include agricultural (i.e. farming), commercial (i.e. shops and businesses) and recreational (i.e. parks, stadiums, cinemas, etc.).
We could also comment on if it has gone from being rural to more urban. For floor plans, it may be the case that the changes accommodate more facilities.
We do have to be careful not to state something which isn’t apparent from the map or plan. For example, saying that the population has increased would not be clear even if an area has more housing than before. We can possibly get around this however by saying that the area appears to be able to accommodate more people.
Practice Questions
Click here for all IELTS writing task 1 practice questions and sample answers.
